The Lasting Effects of Lutheran Pietism
Lutheran Pietism, a movement within Lutheranism that began in the late 17th century in Germany, sought to revive the church by emphasizing personal faith, the necessity of rebirth in the Holy Spirit, and the importance of Christian living and practice. This movement had a significant and lasting impact not only on Lutheranism but also on a wide array of other Christian denominations. Origins and Key Figures Philipp Jakob Spener, often considered the father of Pietism, laid the groundwork for the movement with his influential work "Pia Desideria" (Pious Desires). Spener criticized the perceived formalism and lack of spiritual fervor in the Lutheran Church, calling for a renewal focused on personal devotion and practical Christianity. August Hermann Francke, a disciple of Spener, furthered the cause by establishing institutions such as schools, orphanages, and publishing houses, which became models of Pietist social engagement. Beliefs and Practices Pietism emphasized the need...